Haemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis by HPLC is used to identify the different types of haemoglobin present in the blood. Haemoglobin is a protein present inside the red blood cells that functions to transport oxygen to the tissues and organs of the body. This test is done to diagnose blood disorders, as a screening test for genetic conditions, and to monitor treatment efficacy in patients having blood disorders. It also detects abnormal haemoglobin types which may interfere with the oxygen flow.